Temperature-altering effects of synthetic insecticides on the pupal stage of Telenomus podisi for the biocontrol of pentatomids in soybean crops

Resumo

The impact of climate change has led to growing global concern about the interaction of temperature and xenobiotics in agricultural toxicological studies. Thus, the effects of six insecticide formulations used in the management of the stink bug complex in soybean crops were evaluated firstly on different life stages of the parasitoid Telenomus podisi Ashmead at three levels of temperature. Through tarsal contamination bioassays in T. podisi adults, we identified a significant reduction in the probability of insect survival when exposed to insecticides based on acephate, spinosad, thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin, and chlorfenapyr, as the temperature increased from 15 to 30 °C. In addition, A significant interaction between insecticides and temperatures was discovered by contaminating the host's parasitized eggs, corresponding to the pupal stage of T. podisi. Generally, the highest emergence reduction values were found at 30 ºC. Our results highlighted the temperature-dependent impact of synthetic insecticides on parasitoids, which should be considered in toxicological risk assessments, under integrated pest management and climate change scenarios.